Preparation of Super-hydrophobic Surface on Stainless Steel - A Review

Abstract

This paper presents a thorough examination of the various methodologies employed in the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces on stainless steel substrates. The study investigates the chemical, mechanical, and combined processes utilized for surface modification especially for Stainless Steel (SS). Chemical techniques, including etching, sol-gel deposition, coating, and electrochemical deposition methods, are discussed in detail, highlighting their effectiveness in exposing superhydrophobicity to stainless steel surfaces. Mechanical approaches such as laser ablation, micro/nano structuring, and sandblasting are explored, emphasizing their ability to create hierarchical surface roughness conducive to superhydrophobic behaviour. Finally, approaches that combines chemical and mechanical processes to achieve the desirable surface modification are discussed under the combined approach section. This study is helpful to identify which fabrication method would be best suitable for a particular need within available resources. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art techniques for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces on stainless steel, offering insights into the advancements, challenges, and future directions in this area of research.